Biological samples; Illumination light; Micro-optical components; Microscope resolution; Numerical aperture; Optical path difference; Quantitative measurement; Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors

Optical path difference microscopy with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor

In this Letter, we show that a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor can be used for the quantitative measurement of the specimen optical path difference (OPD) in an ordinary incoherent optical microscope, if the spatial coherence of the illumination light …